Nearsightedness report in 2025: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Methods

I. Introduction to Nearsightedness

Nearsightedness is one of the most common refractive errors, affecting millions worldwide, particularly among young people. According to statistics, around 30% of the global population suffers from nearsightedness, and this number is expected to rise in the coming years. The rise in digital screen usage and limited outdoor activities are key contributing factors to this trend. Nearsightedness not only diminishes quality of life but also poses challenges in sports, driving, and even daily tasks. In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, complications, and available treatment and prevention methods for nearsightedness.

II. What is Nearsightedness?

Nearsightedness, also called myopia, is a refractive error where light from nearby objects is focused correctly on the retina, while light from distant objects is focused in front of the retina. This results in the inability to see distant objects clearly, although nearby objects remain sharp.

Nearsightedness not only impacts vision but also affects daily activities such as driving, reading road signs, or viewing large screens. Nearsightedness typically develops during adolescence and can persist into adulthood. In severe cases, it may continue to progress without timely intervention.

Nearsightedness in Children and Adults

Children are particularly vulnerable to developing nearsightedness. Studies have shown that increased time spent on near-vision activities like reading or using digital devices can accelerate the development of the condition. On the other hand, adults may develop nearsightedness due to prolonged screen exposure or changes in the eye structure with age.

III. Nearsightedness Levels

Nearsightedness can be classified into different levels depending on the degree of refractive error:

Mild Nearsightedness: Below -3.00 diopters. Individuals may experience difficulty seeing distant objects but can perform daily tasks without major issues.
Moderate Nearsightedness: Ranges from -3.25 to -6.00 diopters. Individuals face significant difficulty seeing distant objects, especially when driving or engaging in sports.
Severe Nearsightedness: Between -6.00 and -10.00 diopters. This level severely impacts vision and may cause complications if not properly treated.
Extreme Nearsightedness: Above -10.25 diopters. People with extreme nearsightedness may struggle with most daily activities and require close monitoring to prevent serious eye problems.

IV. Causes and Risk Factors of Nearsightedness

Genetics: Nearsightedness has a strong genetic component. Children with nearsighted parents are more likely to develop the condition. However, environmental factors and lifestyle habits also play a significant role.
Environment: Poor lighting and limited outdoor time can contribute to nearsightedness. Exposure to natural sunlight is essential for healthy eye development.
Near Vision Activities: Prolonged activities such as reading, working, or using electronic devices without breaks can lead to nearsightedness. Constant close-up focus strains the eyes.
Use of Electronic Devices: The increasing use of smartphones, tablets, and computers has led to a new wave of eye health issues. Excessive screen time elevates the risk of nearsightedness, particularly in children.
Lifestyle Factors: Sedentary lifestyles with minimal outdoor activity can exacerbate the risk of developing nearsightedness. Outdoor activities can help reduce the risk by allowing the eyes to focus on distant objects.

V. Symptoms of Nearsightedness

Common signs of nearsightedness include:

Blurry Vision for Distant Objects: Difficulty seeing distant objects such as traffic signs or billboards.
Squinting: People with nearsightedness often squint to see distant objects more clearly.
Eye Strain: Prolonged focus on close objects can cause eye fatigue, sometimes accompanied by headaches.
Headaches: Untreated nearsightedness can lead to frequent headaches, especially after using computers or reading for long periods.
Frequent Blinking: Increased blinking as a way to adjust focus and improve vision.

VI. Complications of Nearsightedness

If not treated promptly, nearsightedness can lead to serious complications, such as:

Reduced Quality of Life: Difficulty participating in daily activities like driving or sports.
Eye Strain and Headaches: Prolonged eye effort can cause persistent discomfort.
Dangerous Driving: Severe nearsightedness impairs driving, particularly at night, posing risks to the driver and others.
Other Eye Conditions: Nearsightedness can lead to more severe eye problems such as retinal detachment, glaucoma, and cataracts.
Increased Risk of Vision Loss: If left untreated, extreme nearsightedness may result in permanent vision impairment.

VII. Diagnosis of Nearsightedness

Nearsightedness is diagnosed through standard eye exams. Doctors assess visual acuity and refractive errors to determine the degree of nearsightedness. Additional tests such as retinal exams and optic nerve assessments may be conducted to detect severe complications.

Advanced Diagnostic Techniques

Modern clinics often use advanced diagnostic equipment such as autorefractors, corneal topography, and retinal imaging to provide comprehensive eye exams. These tools ensure accurate diagnoses and help develop tailored treatment plans.

VIII. Treatment and Vision Improvement Methods

Effective treatments for nearsightedness include:

Glasses and Contact Lenses: The simplest and most common method for correcting nearsightedness. They improve vision and can be easily adjusted according to refractive changes.
Refractive Surgery: Procedures like LASIK, LASEK, PRK, and SMILE reduce dependency on glasses and contact lenses by reshaping the cornea.
Nearsightedness Control Treatments: Methods such as atropine eye drops, dual-focus contact lenses, or orthokeratology can help slow the progression of nearsightedness, especially in children.
Myopia Control Lenses: Specially designed eyeglass lenses, such as those used in Mycon technology, help control the progression of nearsightedness. These lenses are increasingly popular for children.

Emerging Treatment Options

Researchers are continually exploring new ways to address nearsightedness. Innovations in gene therapy, light-adaptive lenses, and advanced pharmaceuticals are on the horizon.

IX. Lifestyle Changes to Manage Nearsightedness

Managing nearsightedness isn’t just about treatments—lifestyle changes play a crucial role:

Balanced Screen Time: Limit the amount of time spent on electronic devices and encourage regular breaks to relax the eyes.
Ergonomic Workspaces: Ensure proper lighting and monitor placement to reduce eye strain.
Encourage Outdoor Activities: Spending at least two hours daily outside helps reduce the risk of developing nearsightedness.
Healthy Diet: Foods rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals support overall eye health. Include leafy greens, carrots, and omega-3 fatty acids in your diet.
Regular Eye Exercises: Simple exercises like eye rotations, focusing on distant objects, and blinking can help maintain eye flexibility and reduce strain.

X. Preventing Nearsightedness

You can prevent nearsightedness by following these tips:

Regular Eye Checkups:

Early detection and timely treatment help maintain eye health.

Protecting Eyes from Sunlight:

Wear sunglasses to shield your eyes from intense sunlight and UV rays.

Proper Lighting:

Ensure adequate lighting in work and study environments to reduce eye strain.

Taking Vision Breaks:

Follow the 20-20-20 rule: look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds every 20 minutes of near work.

Outdoor Activities:

Increase time spent outdoors, particularly for children. Studies have shown that natural light exposure helps regulate eye growth and reduces the risk of myopia development.

XI. Conclusion

Nearsightedness is a widespread and growing problem, but timely detection and treatment can help improve vision and quality of life. Regular eye checkups, appropriate treatments, and a healthy lifestyle are essential for protecting eye health and preventing nearsightedness.

XII. Where to Get Reliable Nearsightedness Treatment?

Choosing a reputable clinic for nearsightedness treatment is crucial to ensure effective care and long-term eye health. If you’re looking for a comprehensive eye exam and reliable nearsightedness surgery services, European Eye Center is a top choice. Here, you’ll receive consultations from expert doctors using state-of-the-art technology for accurate diagnosis and effective treatments, including safe and efficient refractive surgeries.

For those who only need eye exams and prescription glasses, Top Vision Eyewear is the ideal destination. They not only offer high-quality eyeglasses but are also the only provider in Vietnam that offers unique lenses tailored to nearsighted control needs. From stylish frames to expert consultations, Top Vision guarantees a comprehensive vision care experience.